林肯presidential_林肯presidential 3.0awd

1.亚伯拉罕·林肯的演说

2.美国山上面有五个的雕像的山叫什么山？

3.雕刻美国华盛顿和林肯等四位总统的巨大头像的雕塑在哪？

4.对林肯的评价英文版范文

5.国产全新林肯航海家将于3月18日上市 预售价33.08-48.58万元

6.林肯的英语简介

今年3月份，林肯首款国产SUV“冒险家”正式上市，这款全新车型定位紧凑型SUV。日前，我们从工信部获得了林肯第二款国产SUV－－长安林肯航海家的申报图和信息。据悉，国产航海家定位中型SUV，其尺寸/轴距比冒险家更大，在外观上对比海外版车型有细节调整，将搭载2.0T、2.7T涡轮增压发动机。

外观上，我们从申报图上看，国产航海家的整体造型和大部分外观细节延续海外版车型的设计，大尺寸的圆角矩形进气格栅搭配镀铬饰条点缀，格栅两侧配备柳叶形状的全LED矩阵式大灯，长“一”字造型的转向灯则被设计在大灯组下方。而国产航海家区别在前脸的下包围，海外版车型的三段式下包围有较多的扰流部件，而国产车型的下包围则为贯穿式设计。

此外，国产航海家还提供两种外观的格栅中网，一种是密集的蜂窝式中网，另一种是点阵式中网。同时，高配车型在下包围的两侧布置横向阵列式的LED日间行车灯，还可选装LED自适应前大灯。

车身侧面看，国产航海家与海外版车型保持基本一致，前车门和翼子板的结合部悬挂“航海家”英文标识。不过从车身尺寸看，国产航海家的长宽高分别为4849/1934/1693mm，轴距2850mm；相比海外版车型的尺寸略有调整，其中车身高度增加12mm。

车尾部位，国产航海家基本延续海外版车型的设计，用贯穿式的LED尾灯组，以及双边共双出的排气设计，尾门左侧悬挂“长安林肯”标识。值得注意的是，国产航海家的一款车型在尾门左侧部位悬挂“长安林肯 Presidential”，因此国产航海家的顶配车型或为总统版。

动力方面，国产航海家将搭载国产2.0T四缸发动机和进口2.7T六缸发动机，最大功率分别为248马力（182kW）和325马力（239KW），相比海外版车型的最大功率分别提升24马力和3马力。传动方面，我们预计与这两款发动机均匹配8速手自一体变速箱。

本文来源于汽车之家车家号作者，不代表汽车之家的观点立场。

亚伯拉罕·林肯的演说

一、 简介

拉什莫尔山国家纪念公园（Mount Rushmore National Memorial），是一座坐落于南达科他州基斯通附近的美利坚合众国总统纪念公园（United States Presidential Memorial）。公园内有四座高达60英尺（约合18米）的美国前总统头像，他们分别是乔治·华盛顿、托马斯·杰弗逊、西奥多·罗斯福和亚伯拉罕·林肯，这四位总统被认为代表了美国建国150年来的历史。整个公园占地面积1278英亩（5.17平方公里），最高处海拔为5725 英尺 （1745 米）。 公园由美国内政部下属的一个分局——国家公园管理局（National Park Service）进行管理，每年能吸引大约两百万游客前来观光旅游。

1885年，美国纽约的著名律师查尔斯·E·拉什莫尔（Charles E. Rushmore）将其在南达科他州布拉克山（Black Hills）所拥有的矿山附近的一座花岗岩山以其姓氏命名为“拉什莫尔山”，这就是拉什莫尔山名字的来由。数十年后拉什莫尔山国家纪念公园的建造正式启动后，拉什莫尔还曾捐助了5000美元。在拉什莫尔山上建造雕塑的初衷是为了吸引更多的人们前来布拉克山地区旅游，然而这个建造却引发了美国国会和时任总统卡尔文·柯立芝（Calvin Coolidge）之间旷日持久的争论。最终，建造获得了国会的批准。整个工程的建设于1927年开始，并于1941年宣告完成。

时至今日，拉什莫尔山不仅成为了一个世界级的旅游胜地，还成为了美国文化中的象征。同时，在当代流行文化的影响之下，拉什莫尔山也衍生出了许多其他含义。

二、历史

早在1923年，就有一位名叫多恩·罗宾逊（Doane Robinson）的历史学家提出在拉什莫尔山雕刻总统群像，以为南达科他州吸引更多游客。为此他在1924年说服了雕刻家格曾·博格勒姆（Gutzon Borglum）前往布拉克山地区勘察，以判定这一地区是否适宜进行这一巨大的雕刻工程。起初设想的雕刻地点是布拉克山地区的尼德尔斯（Needles），那里有许多花岗岩柱可供雕刻。然而后来博格勒姆发现尼德尔斯地区的花岗岩长年受侵蚀作用损耗，难以在上面雕刻如此巨大的作品。而拉什莫尔山却符合雕刻的条件。博格勒姆在他看到拉什莫尔山时曾说：“美利坚将在这条天际线上延伸。”（"America will march along that skyline."）1925年3月，美国国会正式批准建设拉什莫尔山国家纪念公园。此间柯立芝总统强调，除了不可缺少的华盛顿之外，雕刻的其他三位总统必须为两位共和党人、一位民主党人。

从1927年10月4日到1941年10月31日，格曾·博格勒姆和约四百名工人花了整整14年时间，雕刻出了高达60英尺（约合18米）的四位巨像。这四位总统是乔治·华盛顿、托马斯·杰弗逊、西奥多·罗斯福和亚伯拉罕·林肯——他们代表了美国前150年的历史。博格勒姆之所以选择这四位总统，是因为他们在美国历史上享有的重要地位。

自1933年起，拉什莫尔山归入国家公园管理局的管辖范围。此后，工程师朱利安·斯波茨（Julian Spotts）对工程施工中的一些设施进行了改进。譬如他对施工用的吊车取的加固措施，就使工人能够更轻松地从地面到达拉什莫尔山顶部。1934年7月4日，华盛顿的面部雕刻率先完成。两年后，托马斯·杰弗逊的雕像也雕刻完成了。第三个完工的是亚伯拉罕·林肯的雕像，这部分工程在1937年9月17日宣告竣工。同年，有人在国会提出议案，要求在整个雕刻中添加民权领袖苏珊·安东尼。但由于当时美国的年度预算案中有一个附加条款，规定投入这一工程的联邦基金只能用于已开始施工的四座雕刻上，这一被迫流产。1939年，雕刻的最后一部分——西奥多·罗斯福的头像宣告完工。

1939年，格曾·博格勒姆指导设立了雕刻家工作室（Sculptor's Studio），用于陈列相关的缩微石膏模型以及制作工具。1941年3月，博格勒姆因血栓去世。他的儿子林肯·博格勒姆（Lincoln Borglum）接替了他的工作，继续领导整个工程的进展。但在他去世七个月后，工程由于受到资金问题的困扰被迫停止下来。按照原先的，四位总统的雕像应均为半身像，即雕刻要包括腰部以上所有部分。由于半途停工，华盛顿的雕像只是一座胸像，而其他三位总统的雕像更只完成了头像部分。整个工程共耗资989992.32美元。值得称道的是，这样一个浩大的工程在其施工过程中没有任何工人死亡。

1966年10月15日，拉什莫尔山被正式列入国家史迹名录（National Register of Historic Places）。15年，管理当局在老博格勒姆当年的工作室树立了一根特制的铜柱。铜柱上端是一块铜制的牌匾，上面镌刻着一篇四十年前由来自内布拉斯加州的威廉·安德鲁·伯基特（William Andrew Burkett）所写就的获奖文章。1934年格曾·博格勒姆曾与美国报业大亨威廉·伦道夫·赫斯特（William Randolph Hearst）合作，在后者拥有的报纸上举办了一次有奖征文比赛，以扩大这一工程的影响。最终，当时参加大学组征文的伯基特成为了儿，虽然他的文章直到15年才被真正在拉什莫尔山留下印记，但这篇获奖作文足以使他在当时获得了四年的大学奖学金。由于整个雕刻并没有按原定完成，长时间以来，拉什莫尔山国家纪念公园从来没有宣布正式落成。直到1991年7月3日，时任的老布什才为拉什莫尔山举行了官方的落成典礼。而这一天刚好是拉什莫尔山雕刻工程结束50周年。

1998年，历时十年的拉什莫尔山整修工程告一段落。工程中最后完工的部分包括游客中心、博物馆、总统之路以及人行便道等便利游客游览的设施。整个公园（特别是主要的雕刻部分）的日常维护工作相当复杂和繁琐，其中以清除雕像上的苔藓并对雕像进行清洗最为艰巨，而这项工作需要经常进行。2005年7月8日，德国的清洗机器制造商凯驰（K?rcher）为总统雕像的面部进行了一次免费清洁。清洁过程中使用的高压水温度高达200华氏度（约合90摄氏度）。

三、争议

居住于附近的印第安人部落认为布拉克山是他们的圣山。在1876至1877年的布拉克山战争（Black Hills War）后，美国从拉科塔部落手中夺取了这块地区，而后者则是1776年在与夏延部落的战争中获得这片土地的。此后被赶出这片地区的拉科塔人与美国间的矛盾一直没有消失。而拉什莫尔山的总统雕像也成为拉科塔人批评的靶子。即便是在2004年有关当局任命了拉什莫尔山国家公园历史上第一位印第安裔负责人杰勒德·贝克（Gerard Baker）之后，这样的批评仍然没有停止。作为对于总统山工程的回应，拉科塔人在布拉克山区的另外一个地方建造了纪念历史上著名的拉科塔酋长狂马的狂马纪念雕像（Crazy Horse Memorial）。虽然狂马纪念雕像工程只得到了来自于美国的一小笔拨款，不过由于得到了狂马生前所属的拉科塔部落的酋长的大力支持，这座比总统山整体还略大些的雕像最终还是顺利完工了。

四、生态环境

拉什莫尔山动植物的分布和构成情况与其所在的南达科他州布拉克山地区类似，纪念公园已经成为了许多布拉克山地区具有代表性的动植物栖息的乐土。诸如红头美洲鹫、秃鹫、鹰和草地鹨等大型鸟类经常在拉什莫尔山上空盘旋，它们还时常将自己的巢穴筑在山体的岩壁上。而一些体形相对较小的鸟类，比如鸣禽类、五子雀、啄木鸟等，则大都生活在山脚四周的松树林里。此外，公园里还繁衍生息着老鼠、花鼠、松鼠、臭鼬、豪猪、浣熊、海狸、郊狼、大角山羊和野猫等哺乳动物，它们中有不少是美国原产的动物。 同时公园里面还生活着若干种青蛙和蛇。公园中还有两条小溪，分别叫“灰熊溪”和“椋鸟洼地溪”，它们为长鼻鲦鱼和溪鳟鱼提供了栖身之地。并非所有生活在当地的动物都是土生土长的。当地的山羊就是由从卡斯特州立公园（Custer State Park）中逃出来的羊群繁衍而来，而后者则是由加拿大作为一件礼物赠送给卡斯特公园的。

在海拔较低处，主要由北美黄松（Ponderosa Pine）构成的的针树林覆盖了公园的绝大部分地区，制造了大片的绿荫，当然还有其它诸如刺果栎（Bur Oak）、云杉和白杨等树木夹杂其间。拉什莫尔山附近一共生长着9种灌木，同时还有种类繁多的野花，特别是金鱼草（Snapdragon）、向日葵和紫罗兰等。而在海拔较高的地方，植被则相对稀疏。值得一提的是，在拉什莫尔山所在的布拉克山区，仅有接近5%左右的植物是土生土长的。

尽管拉什莫尔山所在的地区年平均降水量达到了18英寸（460毫米），但是却仍然无法满足动植物的巨大需水要求。植物们都竭力吸收着地表水以防止其流失；水沟、岩石渗水和泉涌等为动物们提供了引水之处，一定程度上减少了地表水流失带来的影响。此外，诸如砂岩和石灰岩的岩石构成也有利于地下水的形成。

通过对树木年轮抽样调查时发现的因火烧而留下的伤疤分析得知，拉什莫尔山附近的黄松林大约每27年发生一次森林火灾，这有助于清除长期堆积在地表上的残枝败叶，维持生态的自然循环。不过大规模的山林火灾却非常罕见，但可以确信的是，在这一地区的历史上一定发生过这样规模的大火。

五、地质概况

拉什莫尔山主要由花岗岩构成。纪念雕塑位于布拉克山区的哈尼峰（Harney Peak）岩基的西北面岩壁上，所以在拉什莫尔山的雕刻上布拉克山区的地质构造一目了然。大约在16亿年以前的前寒武纪时期，岩基的岩浆侵入了正在形成中的云母和页岩层。然而，岩浆和云母、页岩层的不均匀冷却形成了纹理细密且带有粗糙颗粒的矿石岩层，包括石英、长石、白云母和黑云母等。而岩层之间的缝隙则填满了结晶花岗岩。总统雕像前额上的浅色纹路就是这些结晶花岗岩带的杰作。

前寒武纪末期，布拉克山区的花岗岩因为裸露而不断受到侵蚀。然而到了寒武纪时期，它却被大量的砂岩和其它沉积物所掩埋。该地区在整个古生代都沉睡于地下，但到了大约7000万年前因为受到地质抬升的作用而再次裸露并受到侵蚀。布拉莱克山地区在抬升过程中形成了一个海拔达20000英尺（约合6公里）的穹顶形地貌，但是随后经年累月的自然侵蚀使其只剩下了4000英尺（1.2公里）的海拔高度。自然侵蚀去除了覆盖在花岗岩层上的沉积物和其它质地相对较软的岩层，使之有利于雕塑的建造。至今在华盛顿总统头像雕塑的下面，仍然可以看到花岗岩层和颜色更深的片岩之间的分界线。

博格勒姆之所以选择拉什莫尔山作为雕塑的建造地主要是基于以下几点考虑：首先，拉什莫尔山主要由平整的、纹理细密的花岗岩构成。花岗岩非常坚固，且其化学性质也非常稳定，每一万年的自然侵蚀仅有1英寸（2.5厘米），这就使其足够坚固以支撑整个雕塑；另外，5725英尺（1745米）的海拔也使其成为这一地区的最高峰；同时这座山的花岗岩裸露部分恰好朝向东南方向，这可以使雕像在一天的大部分时间内都沐浴在阳光下，从而呈现出更好的观赏效果。

六、观光旅游

旅游业是南达科他州的第二大产业。拉什莫尔山一直以来就是该州吸引游客数目最多的景点，仅2004年就有超过200万的游客慕名前来观光。

林肯·博格勒姆博物馆（Lincoln Borglum Museum）坐落于纪念公园内。它拥有两个125个座位的**院，这两个**院不停地播放着一部长度为13分钟的关于拉什莫尔山的短片。博格勒姆博物馆的上方，就是观赏雕塑的最佳地点是——大观景台（Grandview Terrace）。总统之路（The Presidential Trail），是指一条从大观景台开始并穿过黄松林最终到达雕刻家工作室（Sculptor's Studio）的小径，它为人们更近距离地接触纪念馆提供了很好的机会。雕刻家工作室由林肯·博格勒姆的父亲格曾·博格勒姆（Gutzon Borglum）建造，内有对于整个雕塑建造过程以及所使用的工具的简介。临近黄昏时，**院还讲播放一部长度为30分钟的介绍纪念公园的节目。随后，整座拉什莫尔山将会被灯光所照亮，灯光照明每天持续2个小时。

七、流行文化中的拉什莫尔山

由于拉什莫尔山以其壮观的总统头像雕刻闻名于世，流行媒介常常会在恶搞时将四位总统换成其他人物或角色。在**《超人2》（Superman II）中，头号反面角色佐德将军（General Zod）和其同伙就利用他们的超能力将四位总统的头像换成了他们三人的脸。同样，在蒂姆·波顿的著名恶搞科幻**《火星人玩转地球》里，火星人也利用他们的飞碟发射的激光把拉什莫尔山上的总统像雕刻成了火星人的头像。摇滚乐队深紫（Deep Purple）也曾从拉什莫尔山身上得到启发——在他们的专辑Deep Purple in Rock的封面上，他们将拉什莫尔山上的总统雕像换成了乐队五位成员的头像。无独有偶，同样在专辑封面上利用拉什莫尔山作文章的还有一支由虚拟人物组成的乐队金花鼠（The Chipmunks）。在他们的专辑Chipmunk Rock的封面上，拉什莫尔山上的四位总统的雕像变成了冥河乐队成员詹姆斯·扬（James Young）、动画角色土拨鼠阿尔文（Alvin Chipmunk）以及另外两位歌手乔伊·拉莫内（Joey Ramone）和弗兰克·扎帕（Frank Za）的头像。在红矮星系列的《Better Than Life》当中，当主角戴夫·利斯特（De Lister）发现了大部分都被垃圾掩埋起来的拉什莫尔山时，他才意识到自己已经回到了地球。此外，故事中的拉什莫尔山还新增了虚构的伊莱恩·塞林格（Elaine Salinger）的头像。

由于拉什莫尔山是一个极具历史意义的地理标志，在许多动作片和的故事中，它常常会被作为某一方势力基地的所在。在恶搞人偶片《美国之队：世界警察》（Team America: World Police）中，拉什莫尔山就被美国之队辟为他们的基地。不过，最后它却被迈克尔·摩尔（Michael Moore）的自杀炸毁了。在Wildstorm中，来自外星的超级英雄Mr. Majestic也把它的秘密基地设在拉什莫尔山内。而在系列DC Universe里，All Purpose Enforcement Squad也在拉什莫尔山设立了一个秘密基地。

在电视剧集《巴克·罗杰斯在25世纪》（Buck Rogers in the 25th Century）的某一集中，被控引发毁灭地球的战争的主人公巴克·罗杰斯发现他正身处一个位于拉什莫尔山下的房间。

在《星舰奇航记》系列中，拉什莫尔山上新增了一位虚构总统的雕像。

在那些包含有以拉什莫尔山为背景的场景的影片中，最著名的是阿尔弗雷德·希区柯克的《西北偏北》（另名《北西北》，North by Northwest）。这部经典悬疑片的最后一个场景（即著名的飞机追杀）的背景就是拉什莫尔山。不过这个场景并没有在拉什莫尔山实地拍摄。由于在事先递交的拍摄备案中，提到影片中有一个镜头包含有飞机试图射击爬上总统雕像面部的主人公的内容，公园管理方面没有允许剧组进入拍摄。最后这组镜头是在摄影棚里通过搭建模型完成的。

在电视**《10.5： Apocalypse》，拉什莫尔山被地震所摧毁。

在**《富贵小当家》（Richie Rich）中，富氏家族将3位家庭成员的头像雕刻在一座巨大的石头山上，并将此山命名为“富氏山”（Mount Richmore）。

在**《国家的宝藏2》中，拉什莫尔山上的总统雕像被认为是用来保护传说中的“”宝藏，由尼古拉斯·凯奇扮演的本杰明·富兰克林·盖茨最终找到了这座位于拉什莫尔山上的地下宝藏。

美国山上面有五个的雕像的山叫什么山？

一、

葛底斯堡演说词

亚伯拉罕·林肯

八十七年前，我们的先辈在这个大陆上建立起一个崭新的国家。这个国家以自由为理想，奉行所有人生来平等的原则。

我们正在进行一场伟大的国内战争。我们的国家或任何一个有着同样理想与目标的国家能否长久存在，这次战争是一场考验。现在我们——在这场战争的一个伟大战场 上——聚会在一起，将这战场上的一小块土地奉献给那些为国家生存而英勇捐躯的人们，作为他们最后的安息之地。我们这样做是完全适当的、应该的。

然而，从深一层的意义上说来，我们没有能力奉献这块土地，没有能力使这块土地变得更为神圣。因为在这里进行过斗争的、活着的和已经死去的勇士们，已经使这块土地变得这样圣洁，我们的微力已不足以对它有所扬抑。我今天在这里说的话，也许世人不会注意也不会记住，但是这些英雄的业绩，人们会永世不忘。

我们后来者应该做的，是献身于英雄们曾在此为之奋斗、努力推进但尚未完成的工作。我们应该献身于他们遗留给我们的伟大任务。我们的先烈已将自己的全部精诚赋予我们的事业，我们应从他们的榜样中汲取更多的精神力量，决心使他们的鲜血不至白流。在上帝的护佑下，我们的国家将获得自由的新生。我们这个民有、民治、民享的将永存于世上。

（简介：这是林肯1863年11月19 日在葛底斯堡阵亡将士公墓落成仪式上发表的演说，是公认的英语演讲的最高典范。）

The Gettysburg Address

Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

November 19, 1863

Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth upon this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.

Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We he come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting place for those who here ge their lives. That nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.

But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate, we can not consecrate, we can not hallow this ground. The bre men, living and dead, who struggled here, he consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.

It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here he thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us - that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to - that cause for which they ge the last full measure of devotion - that we here highly resolve - that these dead shall not he died in vain - that this nation, under God, shall he a new birth of freedom - and that of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not perish from the earth.

(By Abraham Lincoln)

二、

林肯第二次就职演说　　（1865年3月4日）　各位同胞：　在这第二次的宣誓就职典礼中，不像第一次就职的时候那样需要发表长篇演说。在那个时候，对于当时所要进行的事业多少作一详细的说明，似乎是适当的。如今四年任期已满，在这段战争期间的每个重要时刻和阶段中——这个战争至今仍为举国所关怀，还且占用了国家大部分力量——都经常发布文告，所以如今很少有什么新的发展可以奉告。我们的军事进展，是一切其它问题的关键所在，各界人士对此情形是跟我一样熟悉的，而我相信进展的情况，可以使我们全体人民有理由感到满意和鼓舞。既然可以对将来寄予极大的希望，那么我们也就用不着在这一方面作什么预言了。

四年之前在与此同一场合里，所有的人都焦虑地注意一场即将来临的内战。大家害怕它，想尽了方法去避免它。当时我正在这里作就职演说，竭尽全力想不用战争方法而能保存联邦，然而本城的反叛分子的代理人却没法不用战争而破坏联邦——他们力图瓦解联邦，并以谈判的方法来分割联邦。双方都声称反对战争，可是有一方宁愿打仗而不愿让国家生存，另一方则宁可接受这场战争，而不愿国家灭亡，于是战争就来临了。　我们全国人口的八分之一是黑奴，他们并非遍布整个联邦，而是局部地分布于南方。这些奴隶构成了一种特殊而重大的权益。大家知道这种权益可说是这场战争的原因。为了加强、保持及扩大这种权益，反叛分子会不惜以战争来分裂联邦，而只不过要限制这种权益所在地区的扩张。当初，任何一方都没有想到这场战争会发展到那么大的范围，持续那么长的时间。也没有料到冲突的原因会随冲突本身的终止而终止，甚至会在冲突本身终止以前而终止。双方都在寻求一个较轻易的胜利，都没有期望获致带根本性的和惊人的结果。双方念诵同样的圣经，祈祷于同一个上帝，甚至于每一方都求助同一上帝的援助以反对另一方，人们竟敢求助于上帝，来夺取他人以血汗得来的面包，这看来是很奇怪的。可是我们不要判断人家，免得别人判断我们。　我们双方的祈祷都不能够如愿，而且断没全部如愿以偿。上苍自有他自己的目标。由于罪恶而世界受苦难，因为罪恶总是要来的；然而那个作恶的人，要受苦难」使我们以为美国的奴隶制度是这种罪恶之一，而这些罪恶按上帝的意志在所不免，但既经持续了他所指定的一段时间，他如今便要消除这些罪恶；使我们认为上帝把这场惨烈的战争加在南北双方的头上，作为对那些招致罪恶的人的责罚，难道我们可以认为这件事有悖于虔奉上帝的信徒们所归诸上帝的那些圣德吗? 我们天真地希望着，我们热忱地祈祷着，希望这战争的重罚可以很快地过去。可是，使上帝要让战争再继续下去，直到二百五十年来奴隶无偿劳动所积聚的财富化为乌有，并像三千年前所说的那样，等到鞭笞所流的每一滴血，被刀剑之下所流的每一滴血所抵消，那么我们仍然只能说，「主的裁判是完全正确而且公道的。

我们对任何人都不怀恶意，我们对任何人都抱好感，上帝让我们看到正确的事，我们就坚定地信那正确的事，让我们继续奋斗，以完成我们正在进行的工作，去治疗国家的创伤，去照顾艰苦作战的志士和他的孤儿遗孀，尽力实现并维护在我们自己之间和我国与各国之间的公正和持久的和平。

（简介：一八年当林肯再度当选连任总统职位时，美国仍为内战所分裂。当时战争的结果仍不能确定，而林肯的再度当选，成为北方人民决心作战到底争取最后胜利的一个令人振奋的表现。一八六五年三月四日当林肯宣誓就职时，局势清楚显示北方即将战胜，战争行将结束。在这篇就职演讲词中，林肯致力于讨论战后美国人民将面临的重大课题。林肯希望避免一切过错与惩罚的问题。当他准备实施这项政策时，一个刺客的枪弹葬送了他的崇高理想。）

Second Inaugural Address　by Abraham Lincoln March 4, 1865　Fellow-Countrymen:　At this second earing to take the oath of the presidential office there is less occasion for an extended address than there was at the first. Then a statement somewhat in detail of a course to be pursued seemed fitting and proper. Now, at the expiration of four years, during which public declarations he been constantly called forth on every point and phase of his great contest which still absorbs the attention and engrosses the energies of the nation, little that is new could be presented. The progress of our arms, upon which all else chiefly depends, is as well known to the public as to myself, and it is, I trust, reasonably satisfactory and encouraging to all. With high hope for the future, no prediction in regard to it is ventured.　On the occasion corresponding to this four years ago all thoughts were anxiously directed to an impending civil war. All dreaded it; all sought to ert it. While the inaugural address was being delivered from this place, devoted altogether to sing teing delivered from thisurgent agents were in the city seeking to destroy it without war-seeking to dissolve the Union and divide effects by negotiation. Both parties deprecated war, but one of them would make war rather than let the nation survive, and the other would accept war rather than let it perish, and the war came. One-eighth of the whole population were colored sles, not distributed generally over the Union, but localized in the southern part of it. Their sles constituted a peculiar and powerful interest.

All knew that this interest was somehow the cause of the war. To strengthen, perpetuate, and extend this interest was the object for which the insurgents would rend the Union even by war, while the Government claimed no right to do more than to restrict the territorial enlargement of it. Neither party expected for the war the magnitude or the duration, which it has already attained. Neither anticipated that the cause of the conflict might cease with or even before the conflict itself should cease. Each looked for an easier triumph, and a result less fundamental and astounding. Both read the same Bible and pray to the same God, and each invokes His aid against the other.　It may seem strange that any men should dare to ask a just God's assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat of other men's faces, but let us judge not, that we be not judged. That of neither has been answered fully. The Almighty has His own purposes. Woe unto the world because of offenses; for it must need be that offenses come, but woe to that man by whom the offense comet.　If we shall suppose that American slery is one of those offenses which, in the providence of God, must needs come, but which, hing continued through His ointed time, He now wills to remove, and that He gives to both North and South this terrible war as the woe due to those by whom the offense came, shall we discern there in any departure from those divine attributes which the believers in a living God always ascribe to Him?　Fondly do we hope, fervently do we pray that thi——ighty scourge of war may speedily pass away? Yet, if God wills that it continue until all the wealth piled by the bondsman's two hundred and fifty years of unrequited toil shall be sunk, and until every drop of blood drawn with the lash shall be paid by another drawn with the sword, as was said three thousand years ago so still it must be said The judgments of the Lord are true and righteous altogether.

With malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right as God gives us to see the might, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds, to care for him who shall he borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.

雕刻美国华盛顿和林肯等四位总统的巨大头像的雕塑在哪？

拉什莫尔山

简介：

拉什莫尔山国家纪念公园(Mount Rushmore National Memorial)，或译为若虚莫山，俗称公园、山、总统雕像山，是一座坐落于美国南达科他州基斯通附近的美利坚合众国总统纪念公园(United States Presidential Memorial)。公园内有四座高达60英尺(约合18米)的美国历史上著名的前总统头像，他们分别是华盛顿、杰斐逊、老罗斯福和林肯，这四位总统被认为代表了美国建国150年来的历史。整个公园占地面积1278英亩(5.17平方公里)，最高处海拔为5725 英尺 (1745 米)。公园由美国内政部下属的一个分局--美国国家公园管理局进行管理，每年能吸引大约两百万游客前来观光旅游。

旅游：

公园入口。旅游业是南达科他州的第二大产业。拉什莫尔山一直以来就是该州吸引游客数目最多的景点，仅2004年就有超过200万的游客慕名前来观光。

林肯·博格勒姆博物馆(LincolnBorglumMuseum)坐落于纪念公园内。它拥有两个125个座位的**院，这两个**院不停地播放着一部长度为13分钟的关于拉什莫尔山的短片。博格勒姆博物馆的上方，就是观赏雕塑的最佳地点--大观景台(GrandviewTerrace)。总统之路(ThePresidentialTrail)，是指一条从大观景台开始并穿过黄松林最终到达雕刻家工作室(Sculptor'sStudio)的小径，它为人们更近距离地接触纪念馆提供了很好的机会。雕刻家工作室由林肯·博格勒姆的父亲格曾·博格勒姆(GutzonBorglum)建造，内有对于整个雕塑建造过程以及所使用的工具的简介。临近黄昏时，**院还将播放一部长度为30分钟的介绍纪念公园的节目。随后，整座拉什莫尔山将会被灯光所照亮，灯光照明每天持续2个小时。

对林肯的评价英文版范文

拉什莫尔山国家纪念公园（Mount Rushmore National Memorial），俗称山、公园，是一座坐落于南达科他州基斯通附近的美利坚合众国总统纪念公园（United States Presidential Memorial）。公园内有四座高达60英尺（约合18米）的美国前总统头像，他们分别是乔治·华盛顿、托马斯·杰弗逊、和亚伯拉罕·林肯、西奥多·罗斯福，这四位总统被认为代表了美国建国150年来的历史。

国产全新林肯航海家将于3月18日上市 预售价33.08-48.58万元

林肯是美国著名的总统之一，但是我们对它评价要怎么写呢?下面是我为大家带来林肯的评价英文版 范文 ，相信对你会有帮助的。

对林肯的评价英文版篇一

The president of USA is not only head of the state and the , but also administrative departments of the supreme leader and army commander, usually called Mr.President. There are 44 presidents in the history of the United States. Abraham Lincoln is the 16th one who maintained the unity of the nation and abolished the slery that influenced the nation much. He is the first Republican president and also ranked among the greatest president ranked first. USA once held a poll in 2005--"the greatest Americans", Lincoln was elected America figure of second. He is one of the most popular presidents.

On February 12, 1809, Abraham Lincoln was born in a poor family in Hardin County in Kentucky prefecture. His parents are descendants of British immigrants, taking farming and hunting.When he was young, he helped the family move firewood, water, do farm work and so on.In 1816, Lincoln's family moved to Indiana Southwest. At his age of 9, his mother died who was just 36 years old. Second years, his father married a kindness and enlightened woman named Sarah Bush, and the family lived hily. Because of poverty, his education degree wasn't high. In order to earn money, he was a ferry worker on the Ohio River and a plantation worker when he was young.

Lincoln is a man who loves reading. At his young age, he read all the writings of Shakespeare and "American history", also read lots of books about history and literature.He became a learned and wisdom man through self-study. He ran for state senator that meant he embarked on a political road since 1832. Finally he was elected president in 1860. In the 28 years, he has undergone a lot of difficulties that normal people cannot imagine. Eight elections, eight voted out, twice failed in business, and even once mental collapse, many times, he could give up, but he didn't. Just because of not giving up, he became one of the greatest presidents in the history of America.The teacher of the revolution Marx highly evaluated Lincoln, "he is a man who will not be scared by difficulties, not to confuse for success, he refuse to be cowed or submit to his great goal, but never act rashly and blindly, he steadily forward, and never back;...... In a word, he is a rare character that achieved the great realm and still maintained his excellent quality". Owing to his view of abolishing slery, Lincoln's election, threatened the benefits of the Southern plantation owners. They certainly don't want a man who advocates the abolition of slery as their president. Then the Civil War broke out in 1861.

At the beginning of the war, Lincoln tried to seek the policy that compromised with the Southern plantation owners. With the military losing ground, Lincoln realized that to abolish slery truly, there must he sacrifice, peaceful means can not solve any problems. If they want to win the war, they must transfer the enthusiasm of farmers, abolish the slery, and liberate black sles .In 1862 May, Lincoln signed the Homestead Act. This measure eliminated the possibility of southern sle owners to seize the western land fundamentally, but also met the urgent needs of the peasants, greatly stimulated the enthusiasm of farmers to participate in. On January 1, 1863,

"Emancipation Proclamation" was promulgated formally, announced the abolition of slery in the rebel states today, the liberated sles can call in the union army. Announced the sles free, fundamentally undermined the rebels' fighting force, meanwhile, the Yankees had abundant manpower.In 1864, Lincoln put forward slogan that "the people, by the people". It enhanced troop's morale. In April, 1865, the Yankees achieved victory in the Civil War, meaning the war that lasted four years ended. The Civil War is called the second revolution after the War of Independence. Lincoln became a symbol of black liberation.

Because Lincoln can adapt to the demand of the masses, destroyed slery in a revolutionary way, and solved the people's demand for land in the Civil War of the most critical juncture, thus he promoted the development of America's capitalism, and made important contributions to safeguard national unity and liberate black sles. Due to the excellent achievements of Abraham Lincoln, he was elected as America's president again on November 8, 1864. However, Lincoln hen't put his post-war policies into effect, tragedy hened. Because sle owners hatred Lincoln extremely. On April 14, 1865 night at ten fif, fifth days after the surrender of the Southern army. Lincoln was attacked by an assassin in Ford theatre in Washington. Lincoln's unfortunate death caused a huge shock at home and abroad. American people conveyed profound condolences to him, about 7,000,000 people stood mourning funeral procession on both sides of the road, and there are 1,500,000 people looked at Lincoln's face with reverence.

Lincoln was buried in his hometown -- Illinois Springfield. His wife was later buried in there, too. So far, motor vehicle license plate of Illinois's self-proclaimed "State of Lincoln". In 1867, to commemorate Lincoln, one of the greatest presidents in American's history, the county town of Lancaster County, renamed the Lincoln, and became the state's capital.

Although not to receive advanced education, Lincoln has excellent eloquence and grace, the direct embodiment is the famous Gettysburg address. The last sentence became the definition of modern democratic : to enable us to get free living under God in this country, the of the people, by the people and for the people, shall not perish from the earth. There are four presidential giant statues in the Rushmore National Park, Lincoln's is in the right. Lincoln Memorial in the capital of America-- Washington ,is located on the National Mall, is one of the most famous monuments of the national.

Lincoln is an outstanding statesman, also a distinguished lawyer. In order to promote the development of American social, Abraham Lincoln has made tremendous contributions. He gained American's respect, his popularity even more than Washington in American's mind. Remembered for his integrity, kindness and strong personality, he has been one of the American history's most admired president. Historians regard Washington as the father, while Lincoln as the National salvation. In American, the third Monday of February each year is the "President's Day", to commemorate the two great leaders. In brief, Abraham Lincoln is the influential president in the American history.

对林肯的评价英文版篇二

1 Lincoln Full Review

① Lincoln is a famous American bourgeois revolutionaries, politicians, the United States the famous leader of the Civil War. In 1861, Republican Lincoln became the 16th president of the United States, in April the same year, the outbreak of the Civil War. In the early years of the war, Lincoln led the northern army to bre defeat, the people asked the to take more forceful measures. In 1862, the Lincoln promulgated the "Homestead Act", "the liberation of the Black Sle Declaration", abolished the slery in the South, the Northern Army was a solid source of manpower.

⑤ In 1865, Lincoln led the Northern Civil War to the North victory, the United States eventually be maintained, Lincoln was assassinated by southern fanatics.

⑥ Lincoln through the Civil War, the abolition of the slery, clear the obstacles to the development of capitalism, for the future economic development to create conditions for music.

⑦ Lincoln to maintain national unity and the liberation of slery made a significant contribution to the history of the United States as a famous president.

A Brief Comment on Lincoln

① Lincoln is a famous American bourgeois revolutionaries, politicians, the United States the famous leader of the Civil War. ② Lincoln led the American Civil War victory, promulgated the "Homestead Act", "the liberation of the Black Sle Declaration", the abolition of slery, to eliminate the obstacles to the development of American capitalism, safeguarding national unity, the United States as the world power laid the foundation .

③ Lincoln to maintain national unity and the liberation of black slery made a significant contribution by the American people's reverence and become a famous president in American history.

3, learning insights

① study his wholeheartedly love the people, the spirit of the people-oriented quality.

② learn his courage to struggle, to the national, national interests as their responsibility and quality of mind.

③ learn his perseverance, and always give up the pursuit and struggle, and ultimately go beyond the quality of self. ④ We should fully study the great quality of the great man of history, and strive to learn scientific and cultural knowledge.

对林肯的评价英文版篇三

Marx and Lincoln were contemporaries, his evaluation of Lincoln is: "This is a will not be intimidated by the difficulties will not be confused by the success of people; his unyielding towards their great goals, and never act rashly Steady, and never retrogression ... ... In short, this is a reached a great realm and still maintain their excellent quality of the rare character of the outstanding moral person was so modest that even he became martyrdom After the fall, the world only to find that he is a hero.

Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 - April 15, 1809) the 16th president of the United States

Political party: Republican Party

February 12, 1809, Lincoln was born in Kentucky Harding County, a poor peasant family, the parents of British immigrants descendants. In 1816, the Lincoln family moved to the southwest Indiana, land reclamation for a living.9 years old, Lincoln's mother died. A year later, the father married a widow.Stepmother kind and hard-working, treat their ex-wife's children as out.Lincoln also loves the stepmother, a family living in harmony and hiness. Because of family poverty, Lincoln is not a high degree of education. In order to maintain the family plan, when young Lincoln worked as a ferry on the Ohio River, plantation workers, shopkeepers and carpenters. At the age of 18, tall Lincoln was hired by a shipowner, with a flat barge with the people down the Ohio River, sailing thousands of miles to Orleans. This is the first time he came to a city of 40,000 people.

The journey, Lincoln saw the black sles suffered inhuman treatment. In 1830, the Lincoln family moved again and came to Coles County, Illinois, in the middle of the United States, "he said to his partner," until I he a chance to crack down on slery. " Here, Lincoln began to live independently, and in 1832 enlisted. Lincoln's time is very short, after the demobilization, the local residents elected enthusiastic official activities of Lincoln for the state legislature candidate, but his first campaign did not succeed. Before the age of 25, Lincoln has no fixed occupation, four to make a living.

Adult, he became a local land surveyors, proficient in measurement and calculation, often people are invited to solve the boundary dispute. In the hard work, Lincoln is always a love of reading the youth, his night reading lights always flash to late late. In his youth, Lincoln read all of Shakespeare's books, read American History, and read many books on history and literature.Through self-study he made himself a learned and intelligent person. In 1834 August, 25-year-old Lincoln was elected to the state legislators began his political career at the same time management of rural postal services, also engaged in land surveying, and with the help of friends to study the law. A few years later, he became a lawyer. In 1839, Lincoln met a member of the daughter of Mary Todd. She was 21 years old, well-educated, beautiful and lively, they married in November 1842, after the birth of four sons.

Accumulated the experience of state legislators, in 1847, Lincoln as the Whig party, participated in the congressional election, won the first time, came to the capital of Washington. Before and after, the debate about slery, has become a major event in American political life.In this debate, Lincoln gradually became anti-slery. He believes that slery should eventually be destroyed, first of all in the capital Washington should abolish slery. Slery, who represents the interests of the southern plantation owners, frenziedly opposed Lincoln. In 1850, the United States of sle power surge, Lincoln out of Congress, to continue as a lawyer. In 1854, the southern sle owners to enter the new Kansas into the United States, the use of force to force the implementation of slery, caused a civil war in Kansas.

This year, the Republican Party was founded, Lincoln joined, and in 1856 participated in the Republican vice presidential candidate campaign, without success. June 16, 1858, in the same Douglas campaign published a "family dispute" the famous speech. "The House of Splits can not last," he said. I believe that our can not endure half the freedom of half of slery. I do not expect federal dissolution, I do not expect the house to collapse, but I do expect it to stop splitting. It will either turn into one thing or all else into another. During this period, he and Douglas conducted a debate on the issue of slery, Lincoln believes that slery should be abolished, but must be abolished by peaceful means, although his campaign did not succeed, but greatly expanded the Political influence .In 1860, Lincoln became the Republican presidential candidate, in November, the election announced to 2 million votes was elected the 16th president of the United States, but in the sle-controlled southern 10 states, he did not get a vote.

Lincoln was elected president of the news, the rapid expansion of North-South contradictions, adhere to the slery of the South to Lincoln's election as a disaster, Lincoln in South Carolina before the oath to quit the federal .In order to safeguard national unity, war triggered. As the US general election system enjoys popular support, with the election of the new president, the smooth transition of state power into the United States tradition.

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林肯的英语简介

易车讯?近日，我们从相关渠道获悉，国产新一代林肯航海家将于3月18日正式上市，此前新车已经公布了33.08-48.58万元的预售价，而这也是继冒险家、飞行家之后，林肯品牌推出的第三款国产车型。航海家标配2.0T发动机，尊耀及总统版车型搭载2.7T V6双涡轮增压发动机。

航海家进行了改款，细节上进行调整，比如前包围及两侧雾灯区域、底部贯穿式镀铬饰条等等，总得来说依然保留了浓郁的美式豪华气息。车身尺寸方面，国产版航海家的长、宽、高分别为4849mm、1934mm、1693mm，轴距为2850mm，也与目前在售的进口版车型基本一致。

内饰是此次国产航海家变化最大的地方，中控台一改往日老派美式的风格，用了多层设计以及皮质包覆。多媒体触控屏也从内嵌式改为更具时尚科技感的悬浮式设计，尺寸也有所加大。

此外，新一代林肯航海家首度推出总统系列车型，拥有专属的斐钻蓝外观配色、专属点阵式格栅，21英寸专属设计轮圈，以及“Presidential”专属徽标等。

动力方面，国产航海家将搭载2.0T四缸以及2.7T六缸发动机，最大功率分别为182千瓦和239千瓦，与之匹配的将是8速手自一体变速箱。

1809.2.12, birthday

1818(9 years old), the mother die.

1831(22 years old), go into business the failure.

1832(23 years old), the election state the councilman fail to be elected.

At the same year(23 years old), the work threw.Want to study in the law school, but did not get the admission.

1833(24 years old), borrow money to go into business toward the friend.

At the end of at the same year, again bankrupt.Connect down, he spends 16 years to just repay fully the obligation.

1834(25 years old), again campaign the state councilman, won this time.

1835(26 years old), will soon get married after betroth, the fiancee died.

1836(27 years old), the complete breakup of spirit, lies sick in bed six months.

1838(29 years old), fight for become the state councilman of spokesman- he no successfully.

1840(31 years old), fight for becoming the voter- fail to be elected.

1843(34 years old), attend the national legislature election- failed to be elected again.

1846(37 years old), attend the national legislature election again- won an election this time.Go to Washington's special area, express can the turn can order.

1848(39 years old), look for the parlia****rian to serve another term, failure.

1849(40 years old), think the work that serves as the land bureau chief in oneself's state, encounter the brush-off.

1854(45 years old), campaign the American senator, fail to be elected.

1856(47 years old), fight for the nomination of the vice-president in Republican party- get 100 of the ticket shortage.

1860(51 years old), win an election the American president.Become one of the greatest presidents in American history.